There are many different ways in which blasting has evolved and changed over history, and a lot has to do with the use of current, innovative technology. The choice of the correct blasting cap, which is often known more simply as the detonator, will be based on several different factors that will vary from blast to blast.
The most commonly used detonators today include the non-electric and electronic systems. This is because they avoid the possible complications in planning and carrying out the blast that can occur with the use of electric options. However, the more traditional electric blasting cap options are still very popular and are the go-to option for many blasting requirements.
Both types of detonators have to be carefully selected for the specific requirements of the job. The blast pattern and sequence as well any particular requirements of the job such as distance away from the blast, reduction of debris and other factors will all factor into the type of detonator most suitable for any given project.
Electric Detonators
Electric detonators can be set to detonate at different delay periods. There is an instantaneous detonator, which often uses a laser pulse through an optical fiber to deliver an immediate blast. The short period delay blasting cap will allow a pre-set time, in milliseconds, between the triggering and the blast. The long period delay detonators can have one or more second delay, and often on larger blasting projects a combination of these devices may be used.
Non Electric Detonators
As the name implies, there is no electric current used to cause the blast, rather a small tube that conducts a low energy signal to cause the blast. This is a much safer option in areas where there may be a risk of unplanned electrical currents triggering a blast.
This is one of the most commonly used options in larger blasting operations such as mines and even in the demolition of larger buildings.
Electronic Detonators
For highly precise blasting operations, the electronic option in blasting caps is now the most preferred option. These detonators offer a range of control not possible with the other blasting options. With fully programmable systems, very complex blasting sequences are possible with various delays to accommodate for the specifics of the operation.
It is highly recommended to talk to blasting experts before choosing the components and elements of the operation. By working with experts it is possible to weigh the pros and cons, as well as the safety features, with each of the detonator options.